Operating & Maintaining Aircraft This section is intended to cover everything that happens once the aircraft is in a flying state. From a technical point of view, the most import of these is keeping on top of the aircraft’s maintenance. This is critical in enabling an owner to meet their obligation to maintain the aircraft in an airworthy condition. AIRCRAFT MAINTENANCE AVGAS UL91 & UL94 ETHANOL-FREE MOGAS WEIGHT & BALANCE E5 MOGAS REVALIDATING A PERMIT TO FLY 97 OCTANE SUPER-UNLEADED E10 MOGAS - NOT APPROVED

For part-built LAA projects, the new owner/builder needs to continue following the LAA amateur-build process. For already-flying LAA aircraft, the new owner simply takes on the responsibilities of the old owner for looking after the airworthiness of the aircraft. The restoration of an aircraft might range from dusting off the cobwebs and giving the engine a good service, to a full strip down to component parts and fabricating missing or damaged parts. It is also possible, in some circumstances, to import a part-built or completed aircraft from overseas. This is generally only possible where the type is already accepted by the LAA, the aircraft can be shown to have been amateur-built under a similar regime to that in the UK, and which is readily inspectable to confirm the build standard. A number of LAA types come under the heading ‘orphaned vintage types’. These are types that are no longer supported by their manufacturer and have been deemed ‘orphaned’ by the CAA (e.g. Austers). There are also some types that can elect to operate either on a Certificate of Airworthiness or on an LAA-administered Permit to Fly (e.g. Chipmunks). Buying an Aircraft Not everyone has the inclination, ability or time available to build an aircraft. The only route then is to buy a part-built aircraft for completion, a ready-flying aircraft or an aircraft in need of restoration. When buying an aircraft, the overriding message is ‘Buyer Beware!’ If you’re buying an aircraft that is already flying within the LAA system, you mainly need to satisfy yourself that it’s in an acceptable condition and meets your needs. LAA Inspectors are often happy to look over an aircraft for you to help you make a technical assessment of its condition. Another area you should consider is whether it has enough payload to take you where you want to go. When buying a partially-built aircraft or one from overseas, you need to make sure that the aircraft is eligible to hold a UK Permit to Fly and is in a configuration that the LAA can accept. It is usually a good idea to drop LAA Engineering an email to check before you part with large amounts of money. For further information, click the button below or look in the 'Classifieds' section of the LAA Magazine Click here for more information

Detail Design Having worked out a promising-looking layout, initial three-view and performance and weight specifications, now is the stage where the hard work begins of transforming concepts to working drawings. Essential decisions have to be made about types of material to be used, the structural arrangement, exact choice of powerplant and so on. You’ll probably need to make a cockpit mock-up to check the ergonomics and control system arrangements, and maybe build a flying radio controlled model of the design to give faith in the handling characteristics. With the basic geometry laid out, stress calculations and assembly drawings come next, then drawings of individual piece parts. Keep an up-to-date tally on weights. As the drawings get more detailed you must re-evaluate whether you are going to meet your original targets in terms of weight, strength and aerodynamic cleanliness, whether you need to re-visit your original assumptions or re-design from scratch. Is there a way that the part or assembly can be made more easily, more cheaply, lighter, stronger, more fatigue or corrosion resistant? Fewer parts and fewer joints generally means fewer problems and less weight. Can you use off the shelf parts rather than having to make them specially? Are there other aeroplanes around that have already solved a particular problem in a clever way? Will the aircraft be easy to inspect in service, easy to repair if it gets damaged? Can it be broken down for transportation? If the handling isn’t quite right when the prototype is test flown, does the design make provision for ‘tweaks’ to put it right? Does the design include reserves of strength to cope with weight growth in service and more powerful engines, or is everything pared down to the minimum? Design Tutorials

Hirth 2 Stroke Covering Letter to Owners Fuel System Inspection Checklist

Certification & Approval Having worked out a promising-looking layout, initial three-view and performance and weight specifications, now is the stage where the hard work begins of transforming concepts to working drawings. Essential decisions have to be made about types of material to be used, the structural arrangement, exact choice of powerplant and so on. You’ll probably need to make a cockpit mock-up to check the ergonomics and control system arrangements, and maybe build a flying radio controlled model of the design to give faith in the handling characteristics. With the basic geometry laid out, stress calculations and assembly drawings come next, then drawings of individual piece parts. Keep an up-to-date tally on weights. As the drawings get more detailed you must re-evaluate whether you are going to meet your original targets in terms of weight, strength and aerodynamic cleanliness, whether you need to re-visit your original assumptions or re-design from scratch. Is there a way that the part or assembly can be made more easily, more cheaply, lighter, stronger, more fatigue or corrosion resistant ? Fewer parts and fewer joints generally means fewer problems and less weight. Can you use off the shelf parts rather than having to make them specially ? Are there other aeroplanes around that have already solved a particular problem in a clever way ? Will the aircraft be easy to inspect in service, easy to repair if it gets damaged ? Can it be broken down for transportation ? If the handling isn’t quite right when the prototype is test flown, does the design make provision for ‘tweaks’ to put it right ? Does the design include reserves of strength to cope with weight growth in service and more powerful engines, or is everything pared down to the minimum ? Downloadable Spreadsheets Technical Leaflets Design Tutorials

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Light Aviation Magazine 2023 Click on the links below to open each issue of Light Aviation Magazine from 2023 January 2023 April 2023 July 2023 October 2023 February 2023 May 2023 August 2023 November 2023 March 2023 June 2023 September 2023 December 2023

Light Aviation Magazine 2018 Click on the links below to open each issue of Light Aviation Magazine from 2018 January 2018 April 2018 July 2018 October 2018 February 2018 May 2018 August 2018 November 2018 March 2018 June 2018 September 2018 December 2018

< Back Engineering updates in July 7 Aug 2025 The following documents have been issued/updated in the Engineering 'Info Library' during July. Continuing airworthiness information : Mandatory Technical Directive MTD-05-2024 issue 2 - Jabiru distributor caps Mandatory Technical Directive MTD-03-2025 - Marquart Charger aileron slave strut Alert A-05-2024 issue 2 - Rotax engine oil spray nozzle Alert A-07-2025 - Glastar aileron servo-tab pushrod cracking Alert A-08-2025 - Gen 4 Jabiru engine crankshafts Technical leaflets : TL 2.00 - Revalidating your aircraft's Permit to Fly TL 2.19 - The LAA Generic Maintenance Schedule TL 2.33 - Insepctor categories for type TADS : 274 - Europa 315 - Eurostar 324 - Supermarine Spitfire mk26 Propeller type lists PTL/1 : Kitfox mk1/mk2/mk3 Forms : LAA/AR-REF (FB GYROPLANE) - Airworthiness review reference guide (crib sheet) LAA/AR-REF (HOMEBUILT GYROPLANE) - Airworthiness review reference guide (crib sheet) LAA/AR-REF (FIXED WING) - Airworthiness review reference guide (crib sheet) LAA/CFS-1 (GYRO) - Check flight schedule LAA/CFS-1 (FIXED WING) - Check flight schedule LAA/FBG-SUPP - Supplement to factory-built gyroplane revalidaton form LAA/PFRC-1 - Permit Flight Release Certificate LAA/FT-NEW - Flight test schedule, new builds, transfers, modifications and repairs LAA/FT-ENG - Flight test schedule, engine modifications Next Previous

Popular Flying Magazine 1957 Click on the links below to open each issue of Light Aviation Magazine from 1957 Jan 1955 PFA Bulletin March 1957 May/June 1957 July/August 1957 October/November 1957 December 1957 April 1957 September 1957

Aircraft Maintenance Before accessing the maintenance documents below, please ensure you have read Technical Leaflet 2.19 - General Maintenance Schedule . Technical Leaflet 2.19 Other useful documentation is as follows: Maintenance Schedules Sample Engine Condition Monitor Blank Engine Condition Monitor AC 43.13-1B Chg 1 CAP 562: CAAIP CAP 661: MPDs Latest MPDs - not in CAP 661 CAP 747: Mandatory Requirements Breaking in an Engine Engine Pre-Oiler Schematic Forms, Checklists & Worksheets

Ethanol-Free Mogas Please select the appropriate engine type link below where you will find information describing how to obtain clearance for an aircraft to use unleaded Mogas. For Rotax, Jabiru and VW engines, please see the E5 Mogas page. Continental Hirth 2 Stroke Lycoming Related Information Operating Information TL 2.20 Fuel Flow Checking Inspection Checks - Fuel Flow EASA Investigation on MOGAS EASA has issued the Final Report of the Safety Implications of Biofuels in Aviation (SIoBiA) This project was undertaken by the University of Aachen under a research contract to EASA. The Light Aircraft Association was represented during this project by Barr y Plumb, who was a member of the project steering committee. All aspects of t he use of Mogas containing biofuel additives were considered in the research programme and the final report from the project is now publicly available here . This is a summarised version of the SIoBia findings. Placards Cockpit Placard Fuel Filler Placard